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Molecular Weight Calculator

Calculate molar mass and elemental composition from any chemical formula

edit_calendar Last updated: Jul 22, 2026 | verified Reviewed by Calkulator Team | timer 2 min read
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Find the molecular weight of any chemical compound

Enter a chemical formula like H2O, NaCl, or C6H12O6 and get the exact molecular weight calculated from atomic masses. Essential for stoichiometry, solution preparation, and reaction yield calculations.

tips_and_updates Use parentheses for complex formulas: Ca(OH)2 = 40.08 + 2×(16.00 + 1.008) = 74.09 g/mol.
Chemical Formula
Quick examples:
Formula Tips
• Element symbols: first letter uppercase (H, He, Ca, Fe)
• Numbers follow elements: H2O, not H₂O
• Parentheses supported: Ca(OH)2, Al2(SO4)3
• Case-sensitive: Na ≠ na
Molecular Weight
Molar Mass
Total Atoms
Unique Elements
Formula Breakdown
Elemental Composition
Element Count At. Wt. Mass %
Enter a formula above
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Live Result Illustration
Visual summary — updates instantly as you enter values above
LIVE
Formula & Result Updates in real-time F = m × a Applied formula Variable A 10 kg × Variable B 12 m/s² = Result 120 N Confirm units before calculating — mixing mm and m is the most common source of errors. Real systems have friction, heat, and tolerance — the formula result is ideal-case. Adjust for real-world conditions.
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Real-Life Guide to Using the Molecular Weight

Molecular mass from formula. Use the examples and checks below to turn the number into a practical decision.

When this calculator is useful

Needed whenever you have a chemical formula and must find its molar mass — for stoichiometry calculations, preparing molar solutions, or verifying reagent purity by weight.

For most people, the best way to use the Molecular Weight is to try the real case first, then change one input at a time. That makes the trade-off visible. For example, with a loan calculator you can change tenure while keeping the same rate; with an investment calculator you can change return assumption while keeping the same monthly contribution; with a health, education or measurement calculator you can check how much one input changes the final category.

The result should answer a practical question: Can I afford this? How much should I save? Is this score enough? Is this measurement within range? What is the safer or cheaper option? If the output does not answer the decision clearly, adjust the inputs until the scenario matches your real situation.

lightbulb Real-Life Example
Molar mass of glucose: A student needs the molar mass of glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) to convert a measured mass into moles for a solution.
1Carbon: 6 × 12.01 = 72.06, hydrogen: 12 × 1.008 = 12.10, oxygen: 6 × 16.00 = 96.00. Total = 72.06 + 12.10 + 96.00 = 180.16 g/mol.
2Now change one input, such as rate, time, quantity, unit or score, and compare the new result with the first one.
Knowing the molar mass means 18.016 g of glucose is exactly 0.1 mol — ready to be dissolved into a precise-concentration solution.

Practical Advice

Use the Molecular Weight as a planning tool, not just a number generator. Write down the inputs you used, because the final answer is meaningful only when you remember the assumptions behind it.

If the decision affects money, health, tax, safety, academics or legal compliance, keep a second check ready. That second check may be a bank quote, payslip, official rule, prescription, site measurement, mark sheet or invoice.

Common Mistakes

  • Miscounting atoms inside parentheses — Ca(OH)₂ contains 2 oxygen and 2 hydrogen atoms, not 1 of each, because the subscript outside the bracket multiplies everything inside it.
  • Confusing an element's atomic number with its atomic mass — using 6 for carbon (its atomic number) instead of 12.01 g/mol (its atomic mass).
  • Forgetting to include water of hydration in a formula, such as leaving out the extra 5 × 18.02 = 90.10 g/mol contributed by the water in CuSO₄·5H₂O.
  • Rounding each atomic mass too aggressively before summing, which compounds into a noticeably wrong total for molecules with many atoms.
  • Treating molecular weight and formula weight as always identical — for ionic compounds without discrete molecules (like NaCl), the term 'formula weight' is technically more correct, though the number is calculated the same way.

How to Interpret Results

The output is the molar mass in grams per mole (g/mol) — use it directly to convert between a measured mass and the number of moles it represents, which is the basis for every stoichiometric calculation that follows.

A good interpretation looks at both the main result and the supporting values. If a page shows totals, ratios, categories, schedules or warnings, read those together instead of focusing only on the biggest number.

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Molecular Weight FAQs

Useful answers for interpreting the output, avoiding mistakes and using the result responsibly.

What does this calculator actually compute?
It sums the atomic mass of every atom in a chemical formula, multiplied by how many times each atom appears, to give the total molar mass in grams per mole.
How are subscripts and parentheses handled?
A subscript after an element multiplies just that element's count, while a subscript after a closing parenthesis multiplies every atom inside the parentheses — so Al₂(SO₄)₃ has 2 aluminium, 3 sulfur, and 12 oxygen atoms.
Is molecular weight the same as molar mass?
For practical purposes, yes — both are expressed in g/mol and calculated the same way, though 'molecular weight' technically refers to discrete molecules while 'formula weight' is used for ionic compounds like salts.
How do hydrates change the molar mass?
Each water molecule in a hydrate's formula adds 18.02 g/mol — for instance, CuSO₄·5H₂O has a molar mass of 159.61 + (5 × 18.02) = 249.71 g/mol, noticeably higher than the anhydrous salt.
Why does my manual calculation not match the calculator's result?
The most common causes are miscounting atoms inside a parenthesized group, using an atomic number instead of atomic mass, or rounding intermediate values too early in a long formula.
How is this used alongside the molarity calculator?
Once you have the molar mass, you can convert a target molarity and volume into an exact mass of solute to weigh out, which is the key step in preparing any lab solution.
Does this account for isotopes?
No — it uses standard average atomic masses as found on the periodic table, which reflect the natural isotope abundance of each element rather than a single pure isotope.
What should I check before trusting the result for lab work?
Double-check that the formula was entered exactly as written on the reagent bottle, including any hydration state, since a missed water molecule or miscounted subscript directly changes how much solute you weigh out.

About Molecular Weight

Molecular weight (molar mass) is the sum of atomic weights of all atoms in a formula, in grams per mole (g/mol). One mole of any substance contains 6.022 × 10²³ particles (Avogadro's number). Molar mass is essential for stoichiometry calculations — converting between grams and moles.

Common molar masses: H₂O = 18.015, NaCl = 58.44, CO₂ = 44.01, glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) = 180.16, ethanol (C₂H₅OH) = 46.07 g/mol. Atomic weights used are 2021 IUPAC standard values.

lightbulb Example
Glucose: C₆H₁₂O₆
1C: 6 × 12.011 = 72.066
2H: 12 × 1.008 = 12.096; O: 6 × 15.999 = 95.994
✓ MW = 180.156 g/mol

quizFrequently Asked Questions

What is molar mass and why is it important?
Molar mass is the mass of one mole (6.022 × 10²³ particles) of a substance, expressed in g/mol. It equals the molecular weight in atomic mass units. It is essential for converting between mass and moles in chemical calculations. For water (H₂O): molar mass = 2(1.008) + 15.999 = 18.015 g/mol.
How do I calculate the molecular weight of Ca(OH)₂?
Ca = 40.078, O = 15.999, H = 1.008. Ca(OH)₂ = 1×Ca + 2×(O + H) = 40.078 + 2×(15.999 + 1.008) = 40.078 + 34.014 = 74.092 g/mol. The parentheses multiply the enclosed group — Ca(OH)₂ has 1 calcium, 2 oxygen, and 2 hydrogen atoms. This calculator handles parentheses and subscripts automatically.
What is the difference between molecular weight and formula weight?
Molecular weight refers to discrete covalent molecules (CO₂, H₂O, glucose). Formula weight is used for ionic compounds (NaCl, CaCl₂) that form crystal lattices rather than individual molecules. The calculation is identical — both sum the atomic weights of all atoms in the formula — but the terminology distinguishes the type of chemical bonding.
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